BMI Reference Table
| BMI Range | Category |
|---|---|
| < 18.5 | Underweight |
| 18.5 – 24.9 | Normal weight |
| 25 – 29.9 | Overweight |
| 30 – 34.9 | Obese (Class I) |
| 35 – 39.9 | Obese (Class II) |
| ≥ 40 | Obese (Class III) |
What Is BMI and How Is It Calculated?
Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's height and weight. It provides a simple, quick screening tool to categorise individuals into weight status groups. The formula is: BMI = weight (kg) / height (m)². For imperial measurements, the formula is BMI = (weight in lbs × 703) / (height in inches)².
BMI Categories Explained
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines four primary BMI categories for adults:
- Underweight (BMI < 18.5): May indicate malnutrition, eating disorders, or other health issues.
- Normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9): Associated with the lowest risk of weight-related chronic diseases.
- Overweight (BMI 25–29.9): Increased risk for conditions like type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
- Obese (BMI ≥ 30): Further divided into Class I, II, and III with progressively higher health risks.
Limitations of BMI
BMI is a population-level screening tool, not a clinical diagnostic measure. It does not directly measure body fat or account for muscle mass, bone density, age, or sex differences in fat distribution. Athletes with high muscle mass may have an elevated BMI without excess fat. Conversely, elderly individuals can have a "normal" BMI while having unhealthy levels of body fat.
Tips for Achieving a Healthy BMI
Maintaining a BMI in the normal range generally involves a balanced diet rich in whole foods, regular physical activity (at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week), adequate sleep, and stress management. Small, consistent lifestyle changes are more sustainable than crash diets.
